![]() Taï chimpanzees have become famous for their nut-cracking behaviour, high level of cooperative hunting and extensive cultural diversity. Taï National Park has become an island within a huge cocoa and coffee plantation, which the chimpanzees and the TCP survived thanks to the extreme dedication of local and international project members, a project-specific law enforcement programme, a complete health monitoring programme, and the support of local human populations. However, a party separated itself from the group and created a new community called the Kahama. The two groups of chimpanzees were once united in a single group called the Kasakela community. The project habituated three neighbouring chimpanzee communities, integrating many local students and assistants to ensure continuity of data collection and the security of chimpanzees, even in times of extreme political instability. The Gombe Chimpanzee War was a war between two groups of chimpanzees that lasted for four years, from 1974 to 1978. For so many years I had believed that chimpanzees, while showing uncanny similarity to humans in many ways, were, by and large, rather ‘nicer’ than us. Before the Four-Year War, chimps were believed to be relatively peaceful apes. While the Gombe Chimpanzee War isn’t exactly identical to human war, it is strikingly similar in brutality and allegiance to a tribe. Over 40 years, the TCP overcame two civil wars, recurrent poaching and the dramatic impact of Ebola, anthrax and respiratory diseases. Brutal Chimpanzee War Was Likely Driven By Power, Ambition, And Jealousy. Introducing ecology into the discussion on chimpanzee behavioural diversity, we identified human poaching and leopard hunting as important ecological pressures. The Taï Chimpanzee Project (TCP) was initiated in 1979 to obtain data on rainforest-living chimpanzees, as only chimpanzees in the woodland savanna of Gombe and Mahale National Park were known.
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